Minerals+and+Gems+review

Honors Earth Science Objectives Minerals and Gems __ Mineral Chemistry __ 1. How many protons does Titanium have? How many neutrons? Protons- 22 Neutrons- 26-Laura 2. If F gained an electron, what would it become? (2 words) negative ion -chrissy 3. How many electrons are in an atom of Ga? If it lost 3 electrons, what would it become? There are 31 electrons in GA. If it lost 3 electrons it would a positive ion. -chrissy 4. Calculate the mass of Fe2S. mass of 144. -chrissy 5. How many atoms of Si are in this mineral? KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 three -chrissy 6. Give an example of two atoms that are isotopes of each other.  7. What mineral group contains CO3?  carbonate -chrissy __ Mineral ID __  8. Describe each of these lusters: vitreous, metallic, earthy. Vitreous-like a piece of glass, shiny. Metallic-silvery, gold, copper, hackly fracture. Earthy-doesnt reflect light.-KARA 9. Describe each of these fractures: conchoidal, hackly, splintery. Conchoidal-Curvy, like if a piece of glass were to break. Hackly-metallic, copper. Splintery-wood-ish.-KARA 10. How would you recognize if a mineral shows cleavage? If the mineral has smooth splitting along planes of atoms.-KARA 11. A synonym for "specific gravity" is: Relative Density-Laura 12. Define __diaphaneity.__ A minerals ability to transmit light-KARA 12. What type of minerals would show a streak? Metallic minerals-KARA 13. What is the softest mineral on Moh’s Scale of Hardness? How does it feel? What number is it? What’s the highest number on the scale? Graphite, soft, slippery. 1. 10.-KARA 14. What type of minerals fizz when applying HCl acid? Carbonate minerals (non-metallic)-KARA __General__ 15. What are the 5 characteristics of a mineral? 1. Solid 2. Naturally-occuring 3. Definite chemical formula 4. Crystalline 5. Inorganic -Sam  16. What mineral group is the most common? How is it identified by its chemical formula? silicates. it has to have silicon and oxygen -amanda
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17. What minerals form these gems: diamond, ruby, sapphire , emerald, opal? graphite makes diamond, beryl makes emerald, corundum makes ruby/sapphire, and quartz makes opal. - Olga //** 18. Explain the 4 C’s of a diamond’s value. CUT-a good cut enhances "play of colors". CLARITY-no cracks, bubbles, or inclusions. COLOR-clear, blue and yellow are more prized. CARAT-weight of diamond, one carat weighs 200 mg.-KARA 19. What are facets? What types of gems are faceted? Flat "faces" done on translucent and transparent gems with a hardness greater or equal to 7. -KARA 20. What are cabochons? What types of gemstones are cabbed? A rounded cut used for soft or opaque gemstones.-KARA
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